Copyright �1998 C & F Computer Products All Rights Reserved

Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada (September 1992)

STS047-078-062

The Canadian maritime province of Nova Scotia can be divided into two separate regions—Cape Breton Island and much larger, peninsular mainland Nova Scotia. Cape Breton Island is joined to the mainland by a causeway and a railroad spanning the narrow Strait of Canso. The small scale of this photograph helps to reveal the fragmented nature and the remoteness of the heavily forested landscape in the northeastern part of Nova Scotia. The Cape Breton Highlands on the larger peninsula that juts into the Gulf of St. Lawrence consist of steep cliffs and a rugged coastline, forming some of the most spectacular scenery in northeastern North America. St. George’s Bay is the small bay west of the causeway, and the Northumberland Strait separates Cape Breton Island from the eastern end of Prince Edward Island, another maritime province of Canada (visible along the west margin of the photograph). Chedabucto Bay is the small bay east of the causeway bridges. Bras d’Or Lake is the large body of water in south-central Cape Breton Island, and St. Andrews Channel is the elongated, northeast-southwest-oriented water body north of Bras d’Or Lake. Cape Breton Island is noted for its superb fishing industry, coal mining operations around the city of Sydney, and its tourism industry. The port city of Sydney is visible along a highly reflective inverted Y-shaped inlet near the southeastern edge of the photograph.

Cape Canaveral, Florida (August 1991)

STS043-084-031

Cape Canaveral, Florida, and the NASA John F. Kennedy Space Center are shown is this near-vertical photograph. Numerous launch pads line the Atlantic Ocean coast near the center of the photograph. To the north of the multiple launch pads, the Space Shuttle landing runway, the Shuttle Assembly Area, and Shuttle Launch Pads A and B are visible. To the south of the multiple launch pads are Port Canaveral and the city of Cocoa Beach, Florida. To the west of the space complex, five causeways span the Indian and Havana Rivers. Interstate Highway 95 is the main artery traversing south to north just west of the Florida cities of Cocoa and Titusville.

Cape d’Ambre, Madagascar (April 1993)

STS056-086-015

Cape d’Ambre, the northernmost point of land on Madagascar (the world’s fourth largest island), is easily identified by its arrowhead shape. Di�go-Suarez Bay, the large natural bay along the northeast coast, is considered one of the finest natural harbors in the world. The bay, protected by a narrow inlet that provides shelter from strong Indian Ocean winds is believed to be the result of a submerging coastline or drowned river valley that formed many peninsulas around the bay. The very dark southern area is a small vegetated mountain range with elevations that exceed 4000 feet (1220 meters) above sea level. The area, known as the Ankarana Plateau, is composed of limestone rocks. With an average annual rainfall of 70 inches (180 centimeters), the underlying rocks are susceptible to erosion, thereby producing caves and underground streams—a karst topography. The rugged relief and the dense vegetation have helped protect the region from human intrusion.

Cephalonia (Kefallinia) Island, Ionian Islands (October 1995)

STS073-739-033

Devastated in 1953 by severe earthquakes, Cephalonia (Kefallinia), the largest [290 square miles (750 square kilometers)] and most mountainous of Greece’s Ionian Islands, can be seen in this west-looking, low-oblique photograph. Located in the Ionian Sea off the western coast of Greece, the island has an irregular coastline and is largely mountainous, rising to 5340 feet (1630 meters) at Mount Ainos, which in ancient times was a temple of Zeus. In addition to the important occupations of sheep raising and fishing, Cephalonia, with its temperate climate and heavy rainfall, is also known for its wines, olives, and olive oil. The island, now almost depleted of its forests, was once famous for its pine forests. The island’s most important city is Argost�lion. The small Ionian island of Ithaca lies east of Cephalonia.

Central Rocky Mountains, Colorado (June 1991)

STS040-604-011

The snow-capped, central Rocky Mountains are the focus of this northwest-looking, high-oblique photograph. Most of the snow-capped peaks in this photograph are at least 9000 feet (2700 meters) above sea level, with many of the taller peaks exceeding 13 000 feet (3900 meters). The Great Salt Lake and the Bonneville Salt Flats can be seen toward the upper left corner of the photograph. The Great Divide Basin is northwest of the Rocky Mountains. Major snow-capped mountains, including the Uinta Mountains, the Wind River Range, and the Bighorn Mountains, are visible northwest, north, and northeast, respectively, of the Great Divide Basin. The north-south trending mountain range near the bottom of the photograph is the Sangre de Cristo Range. Immediately west of the Sangre de Cristo Range is the San Luis Valley where center-pivot irrigation is used extensively for agriculture. East of the Sangre de Cristo Range, just south of Pikes Peak, the Arkansas River begins its long journey from the foothills of the Rocky Mountains to the Mississippi River south of Memphis, Tennessee. Although the street patterns of Denver (east of the mountains near the right-hand side of the photograph) and Colorado Springs (east of Pikes Peak and south of Denver) are not visible, the general areas of these cities can be identified. Large agricultural field patterns are visible east of Denver along the edge of the photograph.

800 DPI

Chang Jiang (River), China (October 1989)

STS034-078-031

Located approximately 50 miles (80 kilometers) north of Changsha in northern Hunan Province, this complex, hydrologically controlled lake region looks almost surreal. Identifying specific rivers that enter this region is difficult because of many crisscrossing rivers, lakes, irrigation canals, and ditches. Two major rivers, the east-flowing Yuan River and the north-flowing Xiang River, merge near the eastern edge of the photograph and flow northeastward into the mighty Chang (Yangtze) River (not shown in this photograph). Triangular Datong Lake (northern area of the photograph) is surrounded by extensive, cultivated field patterns, most of which are presumed to be irrigated rice paddies. The two larger lakes are known collectively as Lake Dongting.

Chicago, Illinois (Summer 1973)

SL3-046-199

One of the great cities of North America—Chicago—seen in this north-northwest-looking, low-oblique photograph, is third in population behind New York and Los Angeles. Located on the northern Illinois plains on the southwestern shore of Lake Michigan, Chicago covers an area in excess of 225 square miles (583 square kilometers), extends more than 25 miles (40 kilometers) along the lakefront, and then sprawls inland nearly 30 miles (48 kilometers) west of the lake. The city is a major Great Lakes port that provides the Mississippi River-Illinois River system access to the Saint Lawrence Seaway. As the commercial, financial, industrial, and cultural center of the midwestern United States, Chicago attracts many large conventions that bring thousands of visitors to the city. In addition to being one of the busiest air centers in North America, Chicago is a major railroad and highway hub, also. Industries include large grain mills and elevators, iron and steel works, steel fabrication plants, stockyards, printing and publishing houses, electrical and agricultural machinery, musical instruments, communications equipment, electronic and computer equipment, furniture, chemicals, oil refineries, household appliances, foods and food processing, clothing, and tourism. Chicago is known for many historic events, but the Great Chicago Fire of 1871 might be one of the most well-known disasters in American history. Legend says that the fire started when Mrs. O’Leary’s cow kicked over a lantern, and more than two-thirds of the city, built mostly of wood, was destroyed. Several hundred people were killed, and nearly 100 000 were rendered homeless. The city was rebuilt with stone and steel.

Crooked Island and Acklins Island, Bahamas (February 1984)

STS41B-039-2159

Two of the many islands that make up the Bahamas, a British possession, are highlighted in this near-vertical photograph—Crooked Island to the northwest, separated by the Bight of Acklins from Acklins Island, the elongated, eastward island. The Bahamas comprise a dramatic combination of carbonate banks, islands, and deep water channels that have built up during the past 70 million years. Coral and algal reefs abound in the warm, shallow water. The strikingly different shades of blue provide a wealth of information about the water—the lighter shades, for example, show a variety of features within the very shallow waters, including constantly changing small banks, channels, ripples, shoals, grass, and algal beds. The dropoff from the shallow depths of generally less than 50 feet (15 meters) to depths exceeding 1000 feet (300 meters), represented by the darker blue, is abrupt and precipitous. Clarity of the water throughout the Bahamas primarily results from their distance from continental sediment sources. These two islands have not experienced the fairly rapid economic, tourist-related growth that many of the other Bahamas have experienced; however, several roads and two airport runways are visible.

Cloud Wake-Guadalupe Island, Mexico (August 1991)

STS043-076-061

The elongated, volcanic island of Guadalupe (latitude 29 degrees north) is located in the Pacific Ocean approximately 180 miles (290 kilometers) off the coast of west-central Baja California, Mexico. The island is an extinct volcano with a maximum elevation of approximately 4500 feet (1370 meters) above sea level. The photograph illustrates the blocking impact that the elevated terrain can have on low stratus clouds as the clouds move southeastward. The island creates a "cloud wake" downstream (leeward side) of the island, a rather common phenomenon when low stratus clouds pass islands that have adequate elevations to form an impediment to the clouds’ normal flow. The Mexican Government has established the island as a wildlife preserve, especially for the protection of elephant seals.

C & F Computer Products (eMail: [email protected])